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Reported Speech: Commands, Requests, and Special Cases
Reported commands and requests
Form: told/asked/ordered/advised + object + (not) to + infinitive
- "Close the door." --> She told me to close the door.
- "Please sit down." --> He asked us to sit down.
- "Do not touch that!" --> She told him not to touch that.
- "You should see a doctor." --> He advised me to see a doctor.
Reporting verbs and patterns
Different reporting verbs require different grammatical patterns:
| Pattern | Verbs | Example |
|---|
| verb + that + clause | say, explain, mention, admit, deny, claim, insist, suggest | He admitted that he had lied. |
| verb + object + to-infinitive | tell, ask, order, advise, remind, warn, encourage, persuade, invite | She reminded me to bring my passport. |
| verb + -ing | suggest, recommend, deny, admit | He denied stealing the money. |
| verb + preposition + -ing | apologise for, insist on, accuse of, blame for | She apologised for being late. |
Ejemplo
"Let us go to the beach," she said.
--> She suggested going to the beach.
--> She suggested that we (should) go to the beach.
"I did not break the window," he said.
--> He denied breaking the window.
--> He denied that he had broken the window.
Recuerda
Common mistake: "say" and "tell" are NOT interchangeable. "Say" is used without an indirect object: "He said (that) he was tired." "Tell" always needs an indirect object: "He told me (that) he was tired." NEVER "He said me" or "He told that".
Ejercicios
1. Report using the verb in brackets:
a) "I broke the vase." (admit)
b) "You should apply for the job." (encourage)
c) "Do not forget to lock the door." (remind)
d) "I am sorry I was rude." (apologise)
e) "I did not take your pen." (deny)
f) "Let us eat out tonight." (suggest)
2. Correct the errors:
a) She said me that she was leaving.
b) He told that he would come.
c) They suggested to go to the park.
d) She denied to have seen him.
Test de autoevaluación
1. "Close the window," she said. In reported speech:
a) She said to close the window.
b) She told me to close the window.
c) She told me close the window.
d) She said me to close the window.
2. "I did not eat the cake." He denied ___.
a) to eat the cake
b) eating the cake
c) that he eats the cake
d) eat the cake
3. Which is correct?
a) He told that he was tired.
b) He said me he was tired.
c) He told me he was tired.
d) He said to me that was tired.
4. "today" in reported speech becomes:
a) this day
b) that day
c) the day
d) yesterday
5. Reported questions use:
a) Inversion and question mark
b) Normal word order and no question mark
c) "do/does" as auxiliary
d) Present tense only