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Modal Verbs
Modal verbs are auxiliary verbs that express ability, possibility, obligation, permission, advice, etc.
Obligation
- must: strong obligation (the speaker decides): You must wear a uniform.
- have to: external obligation (rules, laws): You have to pay taxes.
- should / ought to: advice, recommendation (not a real obligation): You should eat more vegetables.
Lack of obligation
- do not have to / do not need to: it is not necessary: You do not have to come if you are tired.
Prohibition
- must not: forbidden: You must not smoke here.
- cannot: not allowed: You cannot park here.
Permission
- can: informal: Can I use your phone?
- could / may: more formal: May I sit here?
Recuerda
Must not = prohibition (you are not allowed). Do not have to = no obligation (you can choose).
Ejercicios
1) Complete with must, have to, do not have to, must not:
a) You ___ drive on the left in the UK.
b) You ___ cheat in exams. It is forbidden.
c) Tomorrow is a holiday. We ___ go to school.
2) Give advice using should/should not about healthy habits (5 sentences).
✏️ Actividad de repasoRepasa los conceptos principales de esta lección. Intenta explicar con tus propias palabras lo que has aprendido sobre Obligation, permission and advice.
- Lee de nuevo las secciones que no hayas entendido bien.
- Escribe un resumen de 3-5 líneas con las ideas principales.
- Si hay ejercicios, intenta resolverlos sin mirar las soluciones.