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Passive Voice: Present and Past
We use the passive voice when the action is more important than who does it, or when we don't know who does it.
FormationSubject + be (conjugated) + past participle (+ by + agent)
| Tense | Active | Passive |
|---|
| Present Simple | They make cars in Japan. | Cars are made in Japan. |
| Past Simple | They built this bridge in 1990. | This bridge was built in 1990. |
ExampleActive: Shakespeare wrote Hamlet.
Passive: Hamlet was written by Shakespeare.
Active: Millions of people speak English.
Passive: English is spoken by millions of people.
Remember
We only mention the agent (by + person) when it is important or surprising. If the agent is obvious or unknown, we omit it: "The window was broken." (We don't know who did it.)
Exercises- Change to passive: a) They sell newspapers here. b) Someone stole my bike yesterday. c) People speak Portuguese in Brazil.
- Change to active: a) The cake was made by my grandmother. b) This song is sung by Rosalía.
- Complete with the passive (present or past): a) The Eiffel Tower ___ (visit) by millions of tourists every year. b) This book ___ (write) in 1960. c) Spanish ___ (speak) in 20 countries.
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